A new investigational vaccine against SARS-CoV-2, ChAdOx1, was recently shown to protect rhesus monkeys from infection with SARS-CoV-2-induced pneumonia. The ChAdOx1 vaccine has proven successful in protecting against Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), which is closely related to the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2, and was recently modified for use with SARS-CoV-2. Early evaluations of the vaccine in rhesus monkeys revealed that treated animals showed no viral replication in lungs, no pulmonary damage, and significantly reduced respiratory disease, all of which are consistent with protection against SARS-CoV-2-induced pneumonia. These findings were shared ahead of print in order to inform and accelerate the public health response to COVID-19.